The fisheye camera module is a special type of camera module, and its name comes from the fact that its lens has an ultra-wide-angle characteristic similar to that of a fisheye. The following is a detailed introduction to the fisheye camera module:
D'abord, structure and composition
Lentille: The core part of the fisheye camera module, it usually adopts a special lens design, which can achieve ultra-wide-angle shooting, with a field of view range of over 180 degrees, even exceeding the field of view of the human eye.
Image sensor: A component used to receive light and convert it into electronic signals. Common types of image sensors include CMOS and CCD.
Image processing chip: It is responsible for processing the collected images to achieve better picture quality effects, including distortion correction and optimization, etc..
Display screen (which may not be included in some modules) : used for real-time viewing of shooting effects.
Second, working principle
Light refraction: Through a fisheye lens, light undergoes multiple refractions before finally reaching the image sensor.
Ultra-wide-angle shooting: Due to the design of the lens, fisheye cameras can capture scenes that are wider than those captured by the human eye.
Distortion correction: As ultra-wide-angle shooting can cause severe distortion and distortion, the image processing chip will correct and optimize the collected images to present high-quality images.
Third, projection model and distortion
Projection models: The projection models of fisheye cameras include various types such as isometric projection, stereoscopic projection, orthogonal projection, stereoscopic projection, and linear projection. These projection models describe the mapping process from three-dimensional space points to pixel points in the imaging plane.
Distortion: The distortion of fisheye cameras mainly includes radial distortion and tangential distortion. Among them, radial distortion is the most significant, manifested as the points in the image deviating from the ideal position along the radius direction. To describe this distortion, mathematical models such as the Kannala-Brandt model are usually adopted for modeling and correction.
Fourth, application scenarios
Panoramic monitoring: The fisheye camera module can capture a wide range of scenes and is highly suitable for panoramic monitoring, such as in public places and transportation hubs.
Detail monitoring: In areas where multiple details need to be monitored simultaneously, such as banks and supermarkets, fisheye cameras can also achieve all-round monitoring without blind spots.
Special scene shooting: In landscape photography, architectural photography and other scenes that require ultra-wide-angle shooting, fisheye camera modules can also play an important role.